What are the specifications of masks?

At present, a nationwide blockade has been launched to prevent and control New Coronavirus infection. As the "first defense" of personal health protection, it is very important to wear a mask that conforms to the epidemic prevention standard. From N95, kn95 to medical surgical masks, there may be some common sense blind spots in the selection of masks among ordinary people. Here we summarize the common sense of the standard category to help us understand the common sense of masks.

What are the specifications of masks?
At present, the main specifications of masks in China include GB 2626-2006 respiratory protective equipment, self-priming filter type anti particulate respirator, GB 19083-2010 skill requirements for medical protective masks, YY 0469-2004 skill requirements for medical surgical masks, and GB / T 32610-2016 skill specifications for daily protective masks, including labor protection, medical protection, civil protection, etc.
GB 2626-2006 "respirator for respiratory protective equipment with self-priming filtration type anti particulate matter" was issued by the former General Administration of quality supervision, inspection and Quarantine of the people's Republic of China (AQSIQ) and the National Committee for standardization. It is a full-text mandatory specification and came into force on December 1, 2006. The protection target of the code includes all kinds of particles, including dust, smoke, fog and microorganism. It also regulates the production and skill specification of respiratory protective equipment, and has strict requirements on the material, structure, appearance, function, filtering power (dust resistance rate), respiratory resistance, detection method, product identification and packaging of dust masks.

GB 19083-2010 "technical requirements for medical protective masks" was issued by the former AQSIQ and the National Standardization Committee, and was implemented on August 1, 2011. The specification specifies the technical requirements, experimental methods, marks, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of medical protective masks. It is applicable to self-priming and filtering medical protective masks that filter particles in the air and block droplets, blood, body fluids, secretions, etc. in the medical working environment. 4.10 of the code is introductory, Others are mandatory.

YY 0469-2004 "skill requirements for medical surgical masks" was issued by the State Drug and food administration, which is the standard of the pharmaceutical industry and implemented on January 1, 2005. The specification specifies the technical requirements, experimental methods, marks, instructions for use, packaging, transportation and storage of medical surgical masks. According to the standard, the bacterial filtration power of the mask should not be less than 95%.
GB / T 32610-2016 "technical specification for daily protective masks" was issued by the former AQSIQ and the National Standardization Committee. It is the first national specification for civil protective masks in China, which was implemented on November 1, 2016. The specification involves the requirements of mask raw materials, structure, label and appearance, and the main objectives include functional objectives, particulate matter filtration power, expiratory and inspiratory resistance, and tightness. The specification requires that the mask should be able to protect the mouth and nose safely and firmly, and there should be no sharp corners and sharp edges that can be touched. Detailed rules are made for formaldehyde, dyes, microorganisms and other factors that may cause damage to human body, so as to ensure the safety of the public when wearing protective masks.
What are the common masks?
Now we most often mentioned masks, including kn95, N95, medical surgical masks, etc.
The first is the kn95 mask. According to the national standard gb2626-2006 "respiratory protective equipment self-priming filter type anti particulate respirator", masks are divided into kn and KP according to the power level of filter elements. KP is suitable for filtering oily particles and kn is suitable for filtering non oily particles. In the meantime, the filtering power of kn95 respirator should be greater than or equal to 95% in the case of detecting particles with sodium chloride, that is, the filtering power of non oily particles above 0.075 micron should be greater than or equal to 95%.
N95 mask is one of nine kinds of particle protective masks certified by NIOSH (National Institute of occupational safety and health)“ N "indicates not resistant to oil“ 95 "indicates that the particle concentration inside the mask is more than 95% lower than that outside the mask when exposed to a regular number of special experimental particles.

Then there are medical surgical masks. According to YY 0469-2004 "technical requirements for medical surgical masks", medical surgical masks are defined as "medical surgical masks worn by clinical medical staff in invasive operation environment, which provide protection for patients and medical staff performing invasive operation, and prevent the transmission of blood, body fluid and spatter, and are worn by medical staff during operation". This kind of mask is used in clinic, laboratory, operating room and other medical environment. It is divided into waterproof layer, filter layer and comfort layer from outside to inside.

Choose masks scientifically
Experts have shown that in addition to providing effective protection, wearing masks must also take into account the comfort of the wearer, and can not bring biological damage and other negative effects. Generally speaking, the higher the protective function of the mask, the greater the impact on the comfort function. People wear masks. When they inhale, masks have a certain resistance effect on air activities. When inspiratory resistance is too large, some people will feel dizzy, chest tightness and other discomfort.
Different people have different industries and constitutions, so the requirements for the sealing, protection, comfort and adaptability of masks are also different. For some special groups, such as children, the elderly, people with respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, it is necessary to carefully select the type of mask, and avoid anoxia, dizziness and other unexpected conditions on the premise of ensuring safety protection.
Finally, it is suggested that no matter what type of mask is used, it should be properly handled to avoid becoming a new source of infection. Usually more than a few masks, timely replacement, build a solid health protection of the first defense. Wish us good health!